Kenges rakishev biography of william

Abstract

Almost all minority ethnic groups in Kazakhstan are immigrants. This means that in addition to their current place of residence, Kazakhstan (their “Second Homeland”), they also have a place of origin (their “Historical Homeland”). The leadership of the country has approached this situation, which offers opportunities as well as dangers, by explicitly exhorting the official ethnic representations of minorities to nurture contacts with their Historical Homelands. In this article the examples of the Chechens and Kurds will be used to show how the representations of both ethnicities actively and politically pursued this task. For both groups, representing a nation without an independent state, a fourth actor must be added to the “triangle nexus” familiar from diaspora studies, respectively Russia and Turkey, whose positions the Kazakhstani government cannot simply disregard. What emerges from the study is the strong emotional link of both minorities’ representatives with Kazakhstan as their Second Homeland.

Kazakhstan is a multiethnic state. Almost all of its minority ethnicities have migrated to the country at various times and for various reasons, most of which were forced deportees under Stalinism. As a result, they find themselves with ties not only to Kazakhstan as the country where they now live (‘host state’, in Kazakhstan: ‘Second Homeland’), but also to the place from which they or their ancestors emigrated (‘kin state’, in Kazakhstan: ‘Historical Homeland’). Having links to two homelands can, in general, bring both positive and negative effects, not only for the people concerned, but also for the states. It can encourage political and economic contacts abroad or provoke conflicts of interest.

In Kazakhstan, for example, Kazakh nationalists made unfounded accusations of disloyalty against their non-Kazakh fellow citizens soon after independe

British prince (born )

"Prince Andrew" redirects here. For other uses, see Prince Andrew (disambiguation).

Prince Andrew, Duke of York (Andrew Albert Christian Edward; born 19 February ) is a member of the British royal family. He is the third child and second son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and a younger brother of King Charles III. Andrew was born second in the line of succession to the British throne and is now eighth, and the first person in the line who is not a descendant of the reigning monarch.

Andrew served in the Royal Navy as a helicopter pilot and instructor and as the captain of a warship. During the Falklands War, he flew on multiple missions including anti-surface warfare, casualty evacuation, and Exocet missile decoy. In , he marriedSarah Ferguson and was made Duke of York. They have two daughters: Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie. Their marriage, separation in , and divorce in attracted extensive media coverage. As Duke of York, Andrew undertook official duties and engagements on behalf of his mother. He served as the UK's Special Representative for International Trade and Investment for 10 years until July

In , Virginia Giuffre alleged that, as a year-old, she was sex trafficked to Andrew by convicted sex offenders Jeffrey Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwell. Andrew denied any wrongdoing. Following criticism for his association with Epstein and Maxwell, Andrew resigned from public roles in May , and his honorary military affiliations and royal charitable patronages were removed by the Queen in January He was the defendant in a civil lawsuit over sexual assault filed by Giuffre in New York State. The lawsuit was settled out of court in February ; in the settlement, Andrew paid an undisclosed sum to Giuffre.

Early life

Andrew was born in the Belgian Suite of Buckingham Palace on